'Wake Up You!' Explores The Transitional, Post-War Rock 'N' Roll Of Nigeria

Warhead Constriction, a group of high-schoolers from Lagos, is one of many rock bands of the 1960s and '70s featured in the new book series Wake Up You! The Rise and Fall of Nigerian Rock, 1972-1977.

Warhead Constriction, a group of high-schoolers from Lagos, is one of many rock bands of the 1960s and ’70s featured in the new book series Wake Up You! The Rise and Fall of Nigerian Rock, 1972-1977. Courtesy of Now-Again Records hide caption

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If you came of age in the 1960s, chances are you think about rock ‘n’ roll as the music of youth, of rebellion, of fighting the establishment. But in Nigeria, which was in the middle of a civil war, rock was one of the ways in which people expressed their politics.

You might have heard about activist artists like Fela Kuti, who rebuked abusive government practices through song. But what you might not know is that the warring governments also understood the power of rock. Some military administrators went so far as to conscript popular rock bands — both to keep up their soldiers’ morale and to pacify the angry civilians.

That fascinating history is the subject of a new book series called Wake Up You! The Rise and Fall of Nigerian Rock, 1972-1977 by music producer and historian Uchenna Ikonne. He joined NPR’s Michel Martin to talk about it; you can hear their conversation at the audio link, or read on for an edited version.

Michel Martin: So how did the Nigerian rock scene get started?

Uchenna Ikonne: Well, the scene got started in the early 1960s, actually, when Rock Around The Clock showed in Nigeria. That was the first introduction to rock ‘n’ roll, as it was for many people around the world. But at the time, rock ‘n’ roll was seen more as a passing fad rather than a genre that was expected to have any kind of permanence. As the decade proceeded, a lot of young people got together to dance to foreign rock ‘n’ roll records, usually those by Elvis Presley and Cliff Richard, and later by The Beatles. And soon enough, they decide to form their own bands.

Would you mind talking a little bit about Fela? He is, for a lot of people, perhaps the main musical figure that they might be acquainted with. Where does he fit into this story?

Fela is somebody who is often associated with a proudly and aggressively pro-African stance, but that’s not the way he was always perceived on the Nigerian music scene. In his early days, in fact, he was rejected by the mainstream because his music seemed too foreign.

He had come back from England with the idea of being a straight-ahead jazz musician in the mold of Miles Davis. This was a period of cultural nationalism, and all Nigerians were encouraged to project expressions of self that were more or less indigenous — so the idea of coming and trying to play jazz, it was seen as not really where the culture wanted to go. The first audience that accepted Fela at this time was kids who were listening to rock ‘n’ roll music, because they themselves felt like outcasts.

So then how did rock ‘n’ roll start to change as the war years went on?

When rock ‘n’ roll first came about, it sounded kind of ridiculous to most people. It seemed like these young Africans were awkwardly aping foreign artists, who were white, who were themselves copying black Americans. Something seemed to be lost in translation. But one thing that changed during the war was the popularity of soul music. And there was something about soul music that seemed to speak to young Africans on a very deep level. So the music became funkier, it became deeper, and that gave the rockers the opportunity to occupy the center stage in the culture.

One of the fascinating things that I learned from your book is that people on both sides of the conflict actually had their own dedicated bands, or they had their own kind of musical following. Can you talk a little bit about that?

During the war, the soldiers had to be entertained, so both the Nigerian and the Biafran armies found out that it was in their best interest to conscript musical groups, to entertain the soldiers and keep their morale up. These groups also gave a lot of young people the opportunity to avoid being drafted to the combat zone. If you could pick up a guitar, there’s a chance that maybe you could be an army musician and be in less risk of being killed. So, a lot of people flocked towards those bands if they could play at all.

How do you think that affected the music scene after the war?

Well, it affected the kind of music that was popular. You can hear that, for example, on tracks such as “Graceful Bird,” by Warhead Constriction, which was a band of high schoolers at the time in Lagos.

You can also hear the same thing in the music of The Hykkers, such as “In The Jungle.” They were just showing a new heaviness, a new sense of fury and fuzz, to the music, that sort of reflected the sense of confusion and the aftermath of the violence of the war.

One of the things I was wondering is that, given that rock is so important to the Nigerian story, did any of these artists gain fame elsewhere in the world?

Several of them tried. They weren’t able to do it; it was difficult. They really did make the attempt, but at the time, I’m not sure that the Western audience was ready to accept them. Things are a lot easier now due to the internet: People are used to listening to music from all over the world. Back then, Western record labels really did not know what to do with African artists. They would fall in love with them for their African sound, and then take them over to London or New York, and then really not know how to market them. They’d end up trying to scrub all the Africanness away from them and turn them into something else.

Why is the subtitle of the book, “The Rise And Fall Of Nigerian Rock”?

Because the music did not really sustain itself. By the middle of the 1970s, it had already started fading. By the end of the ’70s, it was mostly gone. And not only did it disappear, but it disappeared from the collective memory in many ways. I think the country just kind of grew out of it, decided to move in a different direction culturally. And that whole period just turns out to be a weird interstitial period that isn’t exactly the ’70s and isn’t the ’60s, either; it was just a period of transition.

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Sense Of Place Asheville: Rising Appalachia

Rising Appalachia.

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  • “Bright Morning Stars/Botaw”
  • “Novels Of Acquaintance”
  • “Filthy Dirty South”
  • “Wider Circles”

Sisters Leah Song and Chloe Smith grew up with Appalachian music, having been carried by their artist parents to festivals and mountain-music gatherings around the Asheville, N.C., area. The banjo- and fiddle-playing sisters embraced that music in their own way and formed the band Rising Appalachia in 2005. Their latest album is last year’s Wider Circles.

Song and Smith have also created what they call the “Slow Music Movement,” which works to humanize the touring experience with more community interaction along the way and the smallest possible carbon footprint. Watch Rising Appalachia perform live in this video, shot in Philadelphia at World Cafe Live.

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Watch Bombino Perform At SXSW

Bombino performs at SXSW 2016 on the Radio Day Stage

Bombino performs at SXSW 2016 on the Radio Day Stage Hope Helmuth/WXPN hide caption

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After traveling all the way from West Africa, Bombino added some international psychedelic rock ‘n’ roll flavor to the SXSW Radio Day Stage in Austin last week. The incredible guitarist has found a worldwide audience thanks to albums like 2013’s Dan Auerbach-produced Nomad.

At SXSW, Bombino and his desert-blues rock band performed songs from their new album, Azel, out April 1. Watch Bombino weave his hypnotic magic in “Akhar Zaman (This Moment)” and “Emé” below via VuHaus.

“Akhar Zaman (This Moment)”
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“Emé”
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First Listen: Bombino, 'Azel'

Bombino's new album, Azel, comes out April 1.
46:53

Bombino’s new album, Azel, comes out April 1. Marije Kuiper/Courtesy of the artist hide caption

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At this point, Bombino — a.k.a. Omara Moctar, a Tuareg guitarist and singer-songwriter from northern Niger — is an old hand on the international scene. It was more than a decade ago that cassettes of his music circulated in the Tuareg communities clustered around the Sahara Desert. Ten years ago, he traveled to the U.S. to record a session (with The Rolling Stones’ Keith Richards and Charlie Watts, no less) and then start touring these shores as a sideman with a Tuareg band. But his career in the U.S. and Europe as a solo artist has been in full force for a while now; it was five years ago that NPR Music presented him in a full concert from New York’s (Le) Poisson Rouge.

Over that time, Bombino has more than found his groove, perfectly balanced between mastery and ease. Out of a well-documented generation of talented Tuareg rockers, he’s emerged as the most virtuosic and melodically innovative, as he’s layered his voice over sparkling guitar riffs. He hasn’t uprooted himself: He continues to sing in his native Tamashek about Tuareg issues, and in his tunes you can still hear the feedback loop between West African sounds and music of the Americas, from rock, blues and R&B to Caribbean dancehall and reggae.

But he’s also found room for experimentation over the course of three studio albums, from his first solo project, 2011’s Agadez, to the buzzed-out garage vibe of 2013’s Nomad, produced by Dan Auerbach of The Black Keys. Now comes Azel, with Dave Longstreth of Dirty Projectors as producer; according to Bombino, Longstreth let him take the sonic lead, which was apparently not so much the case with Auerbach.

On Azel, the details of Bombino’s extraordinary guitar playing come back into sharp focus — and that’s this album’s greatest pleasure, track to track. Other experiments emerge, too: Bombino and Longstreth intercut the loping rhythms of Tamashek tradition with the one-drop of reggae in “Timtar” (Memories). (Lest that seem strange: Bob Marley has been as much a hero among generations of Tuareg musicians as Jimi Hendrix, Bob Dylan and Dire Straits.)

But it’s in songs like the lilting “Naqqim Dagh Timshar” (We Are Left In This Abandoned Place) that Bombino’s artistry is on its brightest display. (Having spent a bit of time in the Sahara with Tuareg musicians from across their diaspora, I can say that that sort of slow burn feels exactly right.) The guitar is front-and-center. Bombino sings with passion, in that signature honey-and-sand voice, about the currents of Tuareg identity and politics, as well as his people’s precarious position at this very moment: “Everyone has left us / The world has evolved / And we’ve been abandoned,” he sings. “The whole world has evolved / Why haven’t we?”

Bombino may be prodding others there, because no one can say that he’s content to rest with his prodigious gifts. Musically, he’s always moving on to some new destination.

Bombino, ‘Azel’

Iwaranagh (We Must)

  • Artist: Bombino
  • From: Azel
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Timtar (Memories)

  • Artist: Bombino
  • From: Azel
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SXSW 2016 Wrap-Up: Our Favorite Discoveries And Memorable Moments

Clockwise from upper left: Tacocat, And The Kids, Bethlehem Steel, John Congleton, Edith Crash
1:05:50

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After six days of little sleep and a lot of music, the All Songs Considered team is back from Austin with a bucketload of bands and discoveries to share. On this week’s show, hosts Bob Boilen and Robin Hilton are joined by NPR Music’s Stephen Thompson to share their favorite finds and memorable moments, from the stadium presence of Israeli singer Ninet Tayeb and party brass band Lucky Chops to the dark, moody folk of Edith Crash and the kick-ass rock and roll of Seratones.

Want to see and hear more from SXSW? We’ve got live concert video including performances by Mitski, Charles Bradley and Anderson .Paak; lullabies from Lucius and Declan McKenna; nightly podcasts taped in the wee hours direct from the streets of Austin and much more.

Songs Featured On This Episode

Cover for Docking EP

Bethlehem Steel

  • Song: Yeah, I’m Okay With My S*** Life
  • From: Docking EP

The Brooklyn-based trio Bethlehem Steel performs a gloriously loud and fuzzy rock that has a “whatever” kind of vibe to it. Our hosts dub the genre “shrug rock.”

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Al Scorch

  • Song: Everybody Out
  • From: Circle Round The Signs

The singer and banjo-player from Chicago plays Prohibition-era-inspired music with incredible intensity and punk rock tempos.

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Sevdaliza

  • Song: Marilyn Monroe
  • From: Children Of Silk – EP

Sevdaliza’s commanding stage show reminded Bob of The xx and Daughter: The mix of organic and electronic sounds make quite the impact.

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Lewis del Mar

  • Song: Malt Liquor
  • From: EP

Lewis Del Mar’s front man Danny Miller is a captivating live performer who never takes his eyes off the crowd. Paired with the group’s unconventional polyrhythms and weird effects, it made quite the compelling performance.

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Cover for Child - Single

Ninet Tayeb

  • Song: Child
  • From: Child – Single

Ninet Tayeb is an Israeli singer whose rock star vibes come through both in the studio and her stage show. She has a real stadium presence.

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Valley Queen

  • Song: Who Ever Said
  • From: Who Ever Said – Single

Valley Queen comes from the Neil Young school of great music. They are fronted by Natalie Carol, whose voice is simply amazing.

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Edith Crash

  • Song: Octobre
  • From: Partir

Edith Crash is a French transplant to L.A. who performs bluesy, folky music that is all very dark and strange, complimented by her sultry voice.

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Tacocat

  • Song: I Hate the Weekend
  • From: Lost Time

Four piece Tacocat is led by a cotton-candied haired powerhouse named Emily Nokes, one of three women out at the front of this plain fun band.

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Lucky Chops

  • Song: Best Things
  • From: Best Things – Single

Lucky Chops are a saxophone-focused group who are spiritually related to Moon Hooch; in the live setting, these horn players go wild!

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And The Kids

  • Song: All Day All Night
  • From: Turn To Each Other

Robin loved the playfulness and energy of Tiny Desk alums And The Kids.

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Anderson .Paak

  • Song: The Season / Carry Me
  • From: Malibu

Anderson .Paak brought down the house at Stubbs as part of NPR Music’s SXSW showcase. He seamlessly switches between singing and rapping, hip-hop and soul, all tied up in a full-thought out artistic persona.

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John Congleton and the Nighty Nite

  • Song: Until It Goes
  • From: Until The Horror Goes

Seeing John Congleton live reminded Bob of the best Mountain Goats shows he’s seen. In addition to the great poetry there was an off-kilter, horror-movie soundtrack that made the room feel like it was flipping around.

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Talisco

  • Song: The Keys
  • From: Run

Everything that Parisian trio Talisco does is a celebration of joy and life and love.

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Seratones

  • Song: Necromancer
  • From: Necromancer/Take It Easy

Shreveport, La.’s Seratones is a kick-ass rock band that has all the stage presence in the world.

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Overcoats

  • Song: The Fog
  • From: Smaller Than My Mother

Bob loved Overcoats’ mix of organic and electronic sounds. Of all the discoveries he had at SXSW, this is the one he expects to hear the most from.

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At South By Southwest, The Sounds Of Cuba Come To Texas

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When Cuban singer Dayme Arocena performed at SXSW, “everybody in the place fell in love with her,” says NPR Music’s Felix Contreras. Casey Moore/Courtesy of the artist hide caption

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As President Obama touched down in Cuba over the weekend, Cuban artists were making waves at the SXSW music festival in Austin.

Organizers of the so-called SXAmericas — or South By Americas — series held a “Sounds of Cuba” showcase. Record label reps, music press and Latin music fans got to see rappers, Afro-Latin jazz singers and more from the Cuban music scene. The show was the first of its kind, given the difficulty these artists have getting clearance to go abroad. Many of these Cuban musicians had never performed on a U.S. stage.

NPR Music’s Felix Contreras, host of the podcast Alt.Latino, was at South By Southwest and said to remember one name: Dayme Arocena.

“She’s like a mix of Aretha Franklin and Celia Cruz in the same breath,” he says. “She is working a part of the music scene that is far from the pop world but very artistically complex and compelling. And she’s got this wonderful warmth and personality that comes across, even on record. But live, everybody in the place fell in love with her.”

Contreras says Arocena’s music blends many different aspects of the current music scene in Cuba.

“What she is doing is drawing on all this contemporary music that’s happening in Cuba,” he says. “A mixture of salsa, a mixture of jazz, a mixture of hip-hop, neo-soul — that nice little combination. And then adding elements of Afro-Cuban rumba with music, with vocals, with dancing styles — all of that, and put in this really wonderful package.”

Contreras says Arocena’s song “Madres” is a perfect example of her Santeria and soul influences. The powerful singing in the song might make you think Arocena would be a diva — broad and imposing. But when NPR’s Audie Cornish met up with Arocena, she was surprised by the small, full cheeked young woman with an infectious laugh.

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Arocena is only 24 years old, but already well-known in Cuba, where she has been performing in bands and choirs publicly for a decade.

She says, laughing, that one of the first songs she learned in English, at age 5, was Whitney Houston’s version of “I Will Always Love You.” She says she was a kid with a loud voice with a huge range.

“I used to get high notes so high,” she says. “Now I have a low voice — really low. But everyone in my neighborhood knew when I was singing because the voice was going everywhere, always.”

Arocena is Afro-Cuban. At SXSW, her head was crowned with a tightly wound white turban. The color is a symbol of her Santeria faith, which encompasses West African and Roman Catholic elements.

People often point to her faith when describing her music, which has been performed in church venues abroad. But she has a harder time when asked to describe her own sound.

“That is always a good question, because I don’t know yet,” she says. “It always has like a jazzy taste. But I am so Cuban, in the Cuban mood. And I think everything is so honest. I try to be honest, always, with myself, and that is why my music sounds like me. When the people get my music, people can get my soul, too.”

She grew up singing in a youth choir whose director taught jazz along with songs from Queen and the Beatles. Her father loved the singing of Ella Fitzgerald.

Arocena also reflects a new generation of Cuban musicians who grew up listening to pirated CDs. She was in the audience of the nearly half-million Cubans who, a few weeks ago, turned out to see EDM superproducer Diplo in Havana.

And finally, Arocena is the product of Cuba’s highly selective music education system. That’s where she learned classic composition and choral arrangements. But, she says, that education had its limits.

“The music school in Cuba is classical stuff; that’s all you get in the school,” she says. “And we don’t have enough money in the country to give instruments to all the kids to study music, or to try music.”

She says this lack of funding means that 20 students per province are selected, via a test, to study music.

“But [the schools] are focused on the music you cannot get in the street,” she says. “Because in Cuba you can get any kind of music in the street. You learn to play to rumba, to play salsa, to play — everything! But to play Bach, to play Mozart, you have to go to the musical school.”

Arocena is hopeful about the future for Cuban musicians. Now that the relationship between the United States and her home country is changing, Arocena says her main hope for Cuban performers is simple: information.

“In Cuba we don’t get enough information from the world,” she says. “Everyone outside — what they are doing, what they are playing, how the people are producing. We need to exchange blood. We need to see the people outside Cuba — how they produce, how they work. And they have to see what we are doing in Cuba, and what we are playing, what we are creating — that we are not still in the ’50s playing songs or Latin jazz. I am not the star; I am not a god — I am just a person. Cuba is a country with 11 million of persons! Come on, we need to be out, the people have to see us!”

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South X Lullaby: A-WA

Updated March 20, 20162:59 PM ET Published March 20, 201612:57 PM ET

We first fell in love with A-WA in a badass video for their party song “Habib Galbi,” complete with tasseled snapbacks on track-suited dancers. But at midnight during the SXSW music festival, the Israeli sister trio sang us a quiet lullaby in All Songs Considered host Bob Boilen’s hotel room.

Accompanied by an electric guitarist and seated on the side of the bed, “Ya Shaifin Al Malih” is a Yemeni folk song about a love that hurts. The sisters, who pull from their Yemeni Jewish roots, told us that it wasn’t originally written as a ballad, but after explaining its meaning, how could it not be?

“There’s an enjoyable love and there’s a love that gives you heartache,” they said. “There’s a strong love that no doctor can cure.” You can hear that heartache in the gorgeous and haunting three-part harmony that ties a yearning soul in knots, as they sing (translated from Yemeni Arabic), “Have you seen my love / Tell him that he’s my heart and my soul / Because I’ve been looking for him day and night.”

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SXSW 2016 Music Preview

Clockwise from upper left: Dirty Dishes, The Overcoats, Gallant, Billie Marten, KAO=S
1:04:59

Clockwise from upper left: Dirty Dishes, The Overcoats, Gallant, Billie Marten, KAO=S Courtesy of the artists hide caption

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It’s that time of year again! This week is March Madness for music lovers: South By Southwest. The annual music festival in Austin, Texas is a treasure trove of exciting new music to enjoy and brilliant artists to discover. For this week’s All Songs Considered, our hosts Bob Boilen and Robin Hilton are joined by NPR Music’s Stephen Thompson and Saidah Blount to talk about which bands they are most excited to see for the very first time at SXSW this year.

They listened to around 1800 songs by bands performing in the multi-day music spree and whittled the list down to 17 for this week’s show, including the annual “Secret SX Santa” round, where each host gets to take control of one other team member’s schedule and assign a band they have to see while in Austin.

Head over to our SXSW page for NPR Music’s full coverage of this year’s festival. And stay tuned to our social media for updates, announcements and late-night dispatches from Bob, Robin and the All Songs team at SXSW.

SXSW 2016 Music Preview

The Regrettes, Hey!

The Regrettes, Hey! Courtesy of the artist hide caption

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The Regrettes

  • Song: A Living Human Girl
  • From: Hey!

Regrettes is a garage pop band from California made up of two teens, singer Lydia Night and drummer Marlhy Murphy, who were both seasoned musicians when they met at a School of Rock in 2002.

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Exploded View

  • Song: No More Parties In The Attic
  • From: No More Parties in the Attic

Exploded View‘s members are based in both Berlin and Mexico City. The group’s lead singer, Anika, conjures the specter of Nico with her ethereal vocals.

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Dodge & Fuski, Killer Bee

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Dodge & Fuski

  • Song: Killer Bees
  • From: Killer Bees – Single

Dodge & Fuski is a dubstep production duo who mix samples from films and television into their beats, in the spirit of bands like Public Service Broadcasting and the Avalanches, except with exactly zero subtlety.

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Kao=S

  • Song: Chaos
  • From: Dawn Of The Planet Chaos

Japanese art rockers Kao=S are led by a performance artist known for dancing with swords in the middle of shows.

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Dirty Dishes

  • Song: Red Roulette
  • From: Guilty

New York-based duo Dirty Dishes plays loud, fun, cathartic rock and roll.

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Mercury Girls

  • Song: Golden (Demo)
  • From: Demos & Live Songs

Philadelphia-based Mercury Girls have a sound that is a little jangle-y, a little pop-y and guaranteed to make you bounce.

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September Girls

  • Song: Love No One
  • From: Age Of Indignation

The powerful rock of Dublin-based five piece September Girls is soaked in reverb.

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The Quebe Sisters Band

  • Song: It’s a Sin To Tell a Lie
  • From: Every Which-a-Way

The Texas siblings in The Quebe Sisters Band play Western swing and fiddle music, complete with compact vocal harmonies.

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Billie Marten

  • Song: Bird
  • From: As Long As

Billie Marten is a 16-year-old from North Yorkshire, England with a beautiful voice who began posting videos to YouTube when she was just nine years old.

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Wall

  • Song: Cuban Cigars
  • From: Wall EP

New York post punk outfit Wall sounds a bit like Wire if the group was fronted by Kathleen Hanna.

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Mal Blum

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Mal Blum

  • Song: Better Go!
  • From: You Look A Lot Like Me

Robin can’t imagine a person on the NPR Music staff, or who follows our programming, who would not love the throwback-’90s sound and deadpan humor of Mal Blum.

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Overcoats

  • Song: Smaller Than My Mother
  • From: Overcoats EP

The charming east coast duo Overcoats reminds Bob of My bubba — the heart of what these two do is in the playfulness of their vocal performances.

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Julia Jacklin

  • Song: LA Dream
  • From: LA Dream – Single

Equal parts Sharon Van Etten and Angel Olsen, Julia Jacklin hits Stephen right in his heart.

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Holly Macve

  • Song: The Corner Of My Mind (Bedroom Demo)
  • From: The Corner Of My Mind (Bedroom Demo) – Single

Bob Boilen’s Secret SX Santa gift for Stephen Thompson is Holly Macve, and he’s putting money down that her haunting voice will make Stephen weep in the streets of Austin.

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toyGuitar

  • Song: Is It True?
  • From: In This Mess

Stephen Thompson’s Secret SX Santa gift for Saidah Blount is toyGuitar. The group’s “Is It True?” is a summer-y pop punk song that would sound great blasting out of a car with the windows down.

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Gallant

  • Song: Skipping Stones feat. Jhene? Aiko
  • From: Skipping Stones – Single

Saidah Blount’s Secret SX Santa pick for Robin Hilton is the D.C.-born R&B singer Gallant. Now based in L.A., he makes music that goes all over the place, but retains a strong, soulful core.

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Judah & the Lion

  • Song: Kickin’ Da Leaves
  • From: Kids These Days

Robin Hilton’s Secret SX Santa for Bob Boilen is Nashville four-piece Judah & The Lion, whose live show is all about getting the audience involved, but whose earnestness comes across in their records.

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Songs We Love: Chimurenga Renaissance, 'Girlz With Gunz'

Chimurenga Renaissance
3:54

Chimurenga Renaissance Kelly O./Courtesy of the artist hide caption

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Girlz With Gunz (Glitterbeat Records 2016)

Girlz With Gunz (Glitterbeat Records 2016) Courtesy of the artist hide caption

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In the aftermath of an eventful Black History Month and in the midst Women’s History Month, Chimurenga Renaissance’s “Girlz With Gunz” feels incredibly appropriate for the time in which it was released. It’s the title cut from the experimental hip-hop duo’s recently released EP, a project inspired by and dedicated to “revolutionary African women.

And by “African,” vocalist/ multi-instrumentalist Tendai “Baba” Maraire (of Shabazz Palaces) and guitarist Hussein Kalonji mean both women from the continent and those who are part of the diaspora. Invoking names like Nehanda (Nehanda Charwe Nyakasikan) and Afeni (Afeni Shakur) they celebrate black women who have fought oppression throughout history — “chimurenga” is a Shona word meaning “struggle” and the name of 19th century revolt against British colonizers in what is now Zimbabwe.

There’s a Pan-Africanist through-line present in Chimurenga Renaissance’s creations that not only informs their lyrics, but the very music itself. Maraire and Kalonji are the American-born sons of lauded musicians from Zimbabwe and Congo respectively — and their own compositions bring together traditional instruments like the mbira, with the modern, synthesized sounds of the West. The result is a trans-Atlantic mélange of melodies, polyrhythms, glitches, and distortion.

On “Girlz With Gunz,” they use all these sounds to construct a song in praise of black women and a pledge of devotion. Keep their sonic spectrum broad, Maraire and Kalonji celebrate the black woman in her various incarnations from celebrity to soldier. A revolutionary African woman need not carry a pistol to make her presence felt and she certainly doesn’t have to be beholden to a patriarchal society’s standards in order to be respected or revered. One time, for the “girlz with gunz.”

Girlz With Gunz EP is out now on Glitterbeat.

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Guest Dose: Daniel Haaksman

Man Recordings founder Daniel Haaksman mixed our inaugural Guest Dose.
22:01

Man Recordings founder Daniel Haaksman mixed our inaugural Guest Dose. Stefan Korte/Courtesy of the artist hide caption

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Welcome to Guest Dose. Every month, NPR Music’s Recommended Dose crew invites a knowledgeable and experienced DJ/selector to share with us their personal perspectives on electronic and beat-driven music, and make a mix from some new tracks they are digging.

Ask Daniel Haaksman how he cultivated his love for Africa’s digital rhythms, and the 47-year-old Berlin producer will tell you of a life supporting beats from around the world. Long before his latest album, African Fabrics, engaged in a dialogue between European club sounds and the music of Angolan kuduro, Mozambican pandza and South African house, Haaksman made a point of introducing gringo clubbers to global dance music.

The 2004 compilation he produced, Rio Baile Funk: Favela Booty Beats, was one of the gateways for the sample-heavy lo-fi streetwise electro-hip-hop of Brazilian favelas; and was instrumental to Haaksman’s founding of his label, Man Recordings, which set about releasing music by Brazilian baile funk artists, and by the European and American producers who wanted to collaborate with them. Haaksman’s work with global artists stretches as far back as the early ’90s, when along with his then-partner Stefan Hantel (better known as Shantel) he began a Frankfurt club night that focused on rhythms from North Africa, the Middle East, and the Balkans (and Brazil) — in short “a sound distinctively opposing the ruling techno-house of the moment,” he told me.

With its myriad of drum machines, African Fabrics is far more receptive of those styles, though much of that has to do with how the creative process and the power of influence have changed over the last quarter century — especially as the Internet age has progressed.

“In the African countries I traveled to [while making Fabrics], I was amazed by how globalized these local musical cultures already are,” says Haaksman, when I reach him by Skype. “They use elements from rap, from European house, from trap, and mix it up with their own local rhythms and styles. It’s not about authenticity in its original context — they want to connect to other cultures through hybridization. And that’s what I did with my album.”

Haaksman’s album is, in his own words, “a Berlin take on different music styles that are present in some African countries at the moment.” Its guests are less a product of a survey than of Haaksman following his Portuguese-speaking muse onward from Brazil. He was first invited to Angola to play a festival in 2009; and in its capital Luanda, he became engrossed in kuduro, an up-tempo percussive style first created as a kind of choreography by the dancer Tony Amado as a takeoff of Jean-Claude Van Damme’s moves in the film Kickboxer – and which translates to “hard-ass.” (Amado appears on the album.) In Mozambique, Haaksman heard pandza, “a kind of Mozambican dembow or reggaeton,” and enlisted the excellent female MC Damo Do Bling and the crooner Alcindah Guerane. He also made a track with Spoek Mathambo, one of the more famous rappers/vocalists to come out of the South African house scene — it is a cover of “Akabongi,” the 1994 jive classic by the SA vocal group, Soul Brothers.

“I always think that culture travels down a two-way street,” he says. On African Fabrics, Haaksman has been energized to create his own hybrids. The special DJ mix he created for NPR Music’s Recommended Dose dances down these same roads. I asked Haaksman (follow his travels at @DanielHaaksman) to walk us through the tracks he brought together, all new music that he regularly plays in his sets. This is what he had to say.

Guest Dose: Daniel Haaksman

  • 1. Bad$ista & Tap, “Na Madruga”

    Bad $ista & Tap, "Na Madruga"

    Courtesy of Beatwise

    Bad$ista is a young producer from Sao Paolo. She is a child of this Internet revolution in that she embodies a new wave of Brazilian producers who are very well informed about what’s happening. For many years, Brazil was cut off from much of the information that was circulating in the Northern Hemisphere because of geography — it took a long time for records to arrive, and underground culture was very hard to get access to. Now thanks to YouTube and Soundcloud and the social media phenomenon, Brazilians can follow what’s happening in the U.S. and Europe in real time, and they mix these international styles with local elements. Bad$ista is very fluent with everything Internet and creates exciting new music hybrids.”

    “Na Madruga” is out now on Beatwise Recordings.

  • 2. Daniel Haaksman, “Afrika” (feat. Tony Amado & Alcindah Guerane)

    Daniel Haaksman, "Afrika"

    Courtesy of the artist

    “Both Amado and Guerane sing in Kimbundu, a local Angolan language. Though I initially didn’t understand what they were singing about — I later understood it’s about the history of Africa, from pre-colonial times, through slavery, to decolonization and the present and the future — when I heard the a capella for the first time, I was blown away by the emotionality the singing is communicating. It was not easy to make music to because the vocal is so strong, so I decided to make a minimalist beat that only consists of a handful of sounds.”

    “Afrika” is out now on Man Recordings.

  • 3. DJ Daycard, “Afro Intrudor Sabi Ku”

    DJ Daycard, "Afro Intrudor Sabi Ku"

    “Daycard is a Dutch DJ/producer making quite an interesting mix of Brazilian baile funk a capella and Afrohouse or kuduro-house-inspired beat. There are a few producers who do these kinds of hybrids, and they’re mostly from either Portugal or the Netherlands, and in their local context they play a different kind of club music. Holland has always been a colonial power and has always had a lot of migrants coming from Dutch colonies; one of them is Surinam, a country on the northeastern coast of South America, where they are musically influenced by Brazil and by the music of the Caribbean. When people from Surinam move back and forth between their country and Holland, they start to mix the music from home with the European club influence. That’s why you had this Dutch house phenomenon: basically kids from the Caribbean wanted to play reggaeton in Dutch clubs, but it was too slow for Dutch kids, so they pitched it up and the result was ‘Dutch bubbling,’ which is this hi-speed reggaeton that someone added a hi-hat and some rave sounds to.”

  • 4. Namaste, “Wat Wat (Batuk Remix)”

    Namaste, "Wat Wat (Batuk remix)"

    Courtesy of Red Bull

    “Batuk is a new South African supergroup that features Spoek Mathambo and Aero Manyelo, who is a very popular DJ and producer, they released a single earlier this year — I made a remix for them. I know Spoek. I’ve played with Aero a couple of times in Europe. I like this track — it’s a dub of a South African house track — and it fit really nicely with a DJ Daycard track.”

    “Wat Wat (Batuk Remix)” is out now on Teka Music

  • 5. Africaine 808, “Balla Balla”

    Africaine 808, "Balla Balla"

    Courtesy of Golf Channel

    “They are a duo that throws a party in Berlin so we have lots of mutual friends, and I’ve known Nomad for a while, he is a famous street artist. I quite like this track off their new album; in Germany, “balla balla” is a common way of saying something is crazy, and this track is a bit crazy — when you play it out in the clubs people go a bit nuts, because it has this twisted marimba type of sounds. I thought it was quite interesting that both Africaine 808 and I are releasing albums that somehow relate to African music styles at the same time, since we both come from the same city and the same kind of backgrounds. It is refreshing to see Berlin producers opening up to African music, because it’s still pretty much a techno city — the sound of Berghain is still dominating the clubs and shaping the image that Berlin has in the world — and there is not much music variety.”

    “Balla Balla” is out now on Golf Channel Recordings.

  • 6. Konono No.1 Meets Batida, “Nlele Kalusimbiko”

    Konono No.1 Meets Batida, "Nlele Kalusimbiko"

    Courtesy of Crammed

    “This is the first song from the new album that will come out on Crammed Discs. When I first read about it I thought it sounded like a great collaboration. I’ve always been a huge fan of Konono No. 1 and of Batida, who is Pedro Coquenão who is a white Angolan that grew up in Lisbon, so he knows Angolan culture but also knows everything about Portugal and Europe, and puts it into his music. Him working with Konono is a very exciting concept. This track is really hot.”

    “Nlele Kalusimbiko” is available April 29 on Crammed Discs.

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