{"id":9188,"date":"2016-11-28T09:51:00","date_gmt":"2016-11-28T09:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/2016\/11\/28\/patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research\/"},"modified":"2016-11-28T09:51:00","modified_gmt":"2016-11-28T09:51:00","slug":"patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research\/","title":{"rendered":"Patients Increasingly Influence The Direction Of Medical Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-style:italic;font-size:16px\">By  <a class=\"colorbox\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2016\/11\/28\/502904826\/patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research?utm_medium=RSS&amp;utm_campaign=healthcare\">Richard Harris<\/a><\/span>  <\/p>\n<div class=\"ftpimagefix\" style=\"float:left\"><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2016\/11\/28\/502904826\/patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research?utm_medium=RSS&amp;utm_campaign=healthcare\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/hbarczyk_npr_patients_finalart_wide-e2ad8b34c9166b6b589a1dd59eb7881ca7c2d136-s1100-c15.jpeg\" alt=\"Medical researchers are including more patient voices to the discussion of how research is carried out.\"><\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/hbarczyk_npr_patients_finalart_wide-e2ad8b34c9166b6b589a1dd59eb7881ca7c2d136-s1200.jpeg\">Enlarge this image<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Hanna Barczyk for NPR<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Patients and their advocates are getting an ever-larger voice in how medical research is carried out. They participate in the design of experiments and have a greater say in what outcomes they care about most \u2014 and it&#8217;s not always simply living longer.<\/p>\n<p>Sharon Terry has lived through a couple of decades during which patients went from being complete outsiders to participants. She worries now that they risk being co-opted by the medical research juggernaut.<\/p>\n<p>Her story started in Boston in the mid-1990s, when she discovered that her two young children had been born with a rare genetic disease called <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/pseudoxanthoma-elasticum\">pseudoxanthoma elasticum<\/a>. It&#8217;s a progressive disorder that causes connective tissue to gradually get hard, and can impair, skin, eyes and blood vessels.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Researchers came and took blood from us and our kids,&#8221; Terry says.<\/p>\n<p>A few days later, another set of researchers wanted to take blood, too.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We didn&#8217;t understand why they weren&#8217;t sharing. And we also didn&#8217;t understand why they weren&#8217;t working together,&#8221; she says.<\/p>\n<p>Terry, who is now 60 and lives in Washington, D.C., was a college chaplain before stopping to raise her family. She and her husband, a construction manager, came to realize that the researchers weren&#8217;t so interested in treating their kids. Their first priority was to probe the biology underlying the rare disease. Academics are rewarded for advancing the frontiers of biology.<\/p>\n<div><span>Article continues after <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/about-npr\/186948703\/corporate-sponsorship\" target=\"_blank\">sponsorship<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<aside>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p>&#8220;We [as parents] look at things differently,&#8221; Terry says. &#8220;We look at what matters to us, and not some biological pathway that absolutely is important but isn&#8217;t going to give us the answers we need right way.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>So Terry and her husband took matters into their own hands. They sweet-talked their way into borrowing a lab bench at Harvard University and set about to track down the gene responsible for their children&#8217;s connective-tissue disease.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/sharon-terry-1-2ad6191ade28f2d004f90a8565c029591e168c8b-s800-c15.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n<div><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/sharon-terry-1-2ad6191ade28f2d004f90a8565c029591e168c8b-s1200.jpg\">Enlarge this image<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Sharon Terry founded a patient advocacy group called Genetic Alliance after her children were diagnosed with a rare disorder. <strong>Courtesy of Sharon Terry<\/strong> <strong>hide caption<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>toggle caption<\/strong><\/div>\n<p><span>Courtesy of Sharon Terry<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;My husband likes to say our neuroses took over and made us gutsy enough to go to Harvard and say, &#8216;Could we borrow some bench space at night, could we learn from some postdocs how to look for the gene?&#8217; &#8220;<\/p>\n<p>With no science background it took them a couple of years, but remarkably, they did find the gene.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Then we put together a <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pxe.org\/about-pxe\/patients\/genetic-testing-and-pxe\">diagnostic test<\/a> based on the gene. And now we&#8217;re actually looking at therapies that might involve different variations in the gene,&#8221; Terry says.<\/p>\n<p>Of course this is not a typical story of how parents end up getting involved in medical research, but it isn&#8217;t unique, either.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;When we did it, it was paving a new way, but there have been hundreds of people after us do similar things,&#8221; Terry says.<\/p>\n<p>Often these explorations start when a parent notices something that seems not quite right with a child. Doctors may be dismissive, so parents end up heading onto social media, where they can connect with other parents who share similar concerns.<\/p>\n<p>There are now hundreds of patient groups, focusing on everything from <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arthritis.org\/\">arthritis<\/a> to <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.xps.org\/\">xeroderma pigmentosum<\/a>. And patient participation in medical research is no longer an informal matter. The concept is written into federal laws, including one that funds the Food and Drug Administration. Since 2013, <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/ForIndustry\/UserFees\/PrescriptionDrugUserFee\/ucm347317.htm\">the FDA has held more than 20 meetings<\/a> in which patients are invited to lay out what actually matters to them.<\/p>\n<p>In September, the topic was organ transplant recipients. And among the people who spoke up was Lindsey Duquette, a 14-year-old with remarkable poise. She said she had been in and out of the hospital 172 times before she got a kidney transplant when she was 10.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Here are some items on my post-transplant wish list,&#8221; she told the panel of FDA officials and the crowd of other transplant recipients.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;How about a transplanted kidney that will last the rest of my life? Fewer toxic medications, and it would be great if meds could be taken just once a day.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>She also wishes the immunosuppression drugs she must take twice daily didn&#8217;t pose a lifetime cancer risk.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;I think the fact that they&#8217;re holding the events \u2014 it&#8217;s well organized and well planned \u2014 indicates that they&#8217;re taking it very seriously,&#8221; says Kevin Longino, who heads the <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kidney.org\/\">National Kidney Foundation<\/a>. Companies seem to develop drugs without regard to what patients actually value most, Longino says, and &#8220;I think patients have very little influence with drug companies.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The FDA historically hasn&#8217;t considered its work from the patient&#8217;s point of view. It generally starts with a company pitching a new drug and is supposed to answer the narrower question: Is the product safe and effective? Now that the FDA knows what patients care about, they can suggest that drug companies measure those outcomes in the course of testing new products.<\/p>\n<p>The FDA has already demonstrated that it&#8217;s paying more attention to what patients want. Earlier this year, after hearing impassioned pleas from parents and their scientific allies, the agency temporarily approved a drug for <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2016\/09\/24\/495174472\/controversy-continues-over-muscular-dystrophy-drug-despite-fda-approval\">Duchenne muscular dystrophy<\/a>, even though the science in hand didn&#8217;t provide proof positive that the drug was effective.<\/p>\n<p>Patients considered that a victory. And the company could start selling its drug for $300,000 per patient per year.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The bad news about what&#8217;s happening is so much of patient input is involving patients who are working with or who are recruited by drug companies,&#8221; cautions Diana Zuckerman, who runs a consumer group called the <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/center4research.org\/\">National Center for Health Research<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These companies pour millions of dollars into disease advocacy organizations and provide information to patients. So the patient voices are sometimes inadvertently channeling commercial interests, Zuckerman says.<\/p>\n<p>With that system, patients also hear more about potential benefits than risks, she says. Clearly patients should have a voice in how big a risk they are willing to take, she says, but within limits.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;I think it&#8217;s safe to say we need a sweet spot, and it hasn&#8217;t been found. And the FDA has not done a good job of finding that sweet spot,&#8221; Zuckerman says.<\/p>\n<p>This is by no means a new tension. AIDS activists waged a similar fight decades ago with the FDA.<\/p>\n<p>To get around this cozy relationship between drug companies and patient groups, Zuckerman runs training sessions to teach people to serve as the voice of the patient, independent of advocacy groups. <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.breastcancerdeadline2020.org\/get-involved\/training\/project-lead\/?referrer=https:\/\/www.google.com\/\">The National Breast Cancer Coalition<\/a> pioneered this approach years ago.<\/p>\n<p>Sharon Terry also frets about the role of advocates. After her own experience in finding a gene for the rare disease that affects her children, she decided to start a group called the <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geneticalliance.org\/\">Genetic Alliance<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;I think advocacy still has a place, but I&#8217;m starting to be concerned myself \u2014 and again I run one of these groups \u2014 about how much that we&#8217;re becoming &#8216;the man,&#8217; and we really need to break down our silos,&#8221; she says. &#8220;We start to be insular; we start to be competitive. And that&#8217;s not going to serve the people who suffer.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Terry worries that advocates are losing their role as agents of change. The system has come a long way over the past 20 years, but still has plenty of room for improvement.<\/p>\n<div>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blockads.fivefilters.org\/\">Let&#8217;s block ads!<\/a><\/strong> <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/fivefilters\/block-ads\/wiki\/There-are-no-acceptable-ads\">(Why?)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Source:: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2016\/11\/28\/502904826\/patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research?utm_medium=RSS&amp;utm_campaign=healthcare\" class=\"colorbox\" title=\"Patients Increasingly Influence The Direction Of Medical Research\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2016\/11\/28\/502904826\/patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research?utm_medium=RSS&amp;utm_campaign=healthcare<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ftpimagefix\" style=\"float:left\"><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2016\/11\/28\/502904826\/patients-increasingly-influence-the-direction-of-medical-research?utm_medium=RSS&amp;utm_campaign=healthcare\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/hbarczyk_npr_patients_finalart_wide-e2ad8b34c9166b6b589a1dd59eb7881ca7c2d136-s1100-c15.jpeg\" alt=\"Medical researchers are including more patient voices to the discussion of how research is carried out.\"><\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/hbarczyk_npr_patients_finalart_wide-e2ad8b34c9166b6b589a1dd59eb7881ca7c2d136-s1200.jpeg\">Enlarge this image<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span>Hanna Barczyk for NPR<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Patients and their advocates are getting an ever-larger voice in how medical research is carried out. They participate in the design of experiments and have a greater say in what outcomes they care about most \u2014 and it&#8217;s not always simply living longer.<\/p>\n<p>Sharon Terry has lived through a couple of decades during which patients went from being complete outsiders to participants. She worries now that they risk being co-opted by the medical research juggernaut.<\/p>\n<p>Her story started in Boston in the mid-1990s, when she discovered that her two young children had been born with a rare genetic disease called <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ghr.nlm.nih.gov\/condition\/pseudoxanthoma-elasticum\">pseudoxanthoma elasticum<\/a>. It&#8217;s a progressive disorder that causes connective tissue to gradually get hard, and can impair, skin, eyes and blood vessels.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Researchers came and took blood from us and our kids,&#8221; Terry says.<\/p>\n<p>A few days later, another set of researchers wanted to take blood, too.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We didn&#8217;t understand why they weren&#8217;t sharing. And we also didn&#8217;t understand why they weren&#8217;t working together,&#8221; she says.<\/p>\n<p>Terry, who is now 60 and lives in Washington, D.C., was a college chaplain before stopping to raise her family. She and her husband, a construction manager, came to realize that the researchers weren&#8217;t so interested in treating their kids. Their first priority was to probe the biology underlying the rare disease. Academics are rewarded for advancing the frontiers of biology.<\/p>\n<div><span>Article continues after <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/about-npr\/186948703\/corporate-sponsorship\" target=\"_blank\">sponsorship<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<aside>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<p>&#8220;We [as parents] look at things differently,&#8221; Terry says. &#8220;We look at what matters to us, and not some biological pathway that absolutely is important but isn&#8217;t going to give us the answers we need right way.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>So Terry and her husband took matters into their own hands. They sweet-talked their way into borrowing a lab bench at Harvard University and set about to track down the gene responsible for their children&#8217;s connective-tissue disease.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/sharon-terry-1-2ad6191ade28f2d004f90a8565c029591e168c8b-s800-c15.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n<div><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/media.npr.org\/assets\/img\/2016\/11\/23\/sharon-terry-1-2ad6191ade28f2d004f90a8565c029591e168c8b-s1200.jpg\">Enlarge this image<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Sharon Terry founded a patient advocacy group called Genetic Alliance after her children were diagnosed with a rare disorder. <strong>Courtesy of Sharon Terry<\/strong> <strong>hide caption<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>toggle caption<\/strong><\/div>\n<p><span>Courtesy of Sharon Terry<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;My husband likes to say our neuroses took over and made us gutsy enough to go to Harvard and say, &#8216;Could we borrow some bench space at night, could we learn from some postdocs how to look for the gene?&#8217; &#8220;<\/p>\n<p>With no science background it took them a couple of years, but remarkably, they did find the gene.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Then we put together a <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pxe.org\/about-pxe\/patients\/genetic-testing-and-pxe\">diagnostic test<\/a> based on the gene. And now we&#8217;re actually looking at therapies that might involve different variations in the gene,&#8221; Terry says.<\/p>\n<p>Of course this is not a typical story of how parents end up getting involved in medical research, but it isn&#8217;t unique, either.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;When we did it, it was paving a new way, but there have been hundreds of people after us do similar things,&#8221; Terry says.<\/p>\n<p>Often these explorations start when a parent notices something that seems not quite right with a child. Doctors may be dismissive, so parents end up heading onto social media, where they can connect with other parents who share similar concerns.<\/p>\n<p>There are now hundreds of patient groups, focusing on everything from <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arthritis.org\/\">arthritis<\/a> to <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.xps.org\/\">xeroderma pigmentosum<\/a>. And patient participation in medical research is no longer an informal matter. The concept is written into federal laws, including one that funds the Food and Drug Administration. Since 2013, <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/ForIndustry\/UserFees\/PrescriptionDrugUserFee\/ucm347317.htm\">the FDA has held more than 20 meetings<\/a> in which patients are invited to lay out what actually matters to them.<\/p>\n<p>In September, the topic was organ transplant recipients. And among the people who spoke up was Lindsey Duquette, a 14-year-old with remarkable poise. She said she had been in and out of the hospital 172 times before she got a kidney transplant when she was 10.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Here are some items on my post-transplant wish list,&#8221; she told the panel of FDA officials and the crowd of other transplant recipients.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;How about a transplanted kidney that will last the rest of my life? Fewer toxic medications, and it would be great if meds could be taken just once a day.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>She also wishes the immunosuppression drugs she must take twice daily didn&#8217;t pose a lifetime cancer risk.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;I think the fact that they&#8217;re holding the events \u2014 it&#8217;s well organized and well planned \u2014 indicates that they&#8217;re taking it very seriously,&#8221; says Kevin Longino, who heads the <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kidney.org\/\">National Kidney Foundation<\/a>. Companies seem to develop drugs without regard to what patients actually value most, Longino says, and &#8220;I think patients have very little influence with drug companies.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The FDA historically hasn&#8217;t considered its work from the patient&#8217;s point of view. It generally starts with a company pitching a new drug and is supposed to answer the narrower question: Is the product safe and effective? Now that the FDA knows what patients care about, they can suggest that drug companies measure those outcomes in the course of testing new products.<\/p>\n<p>The FDA has already demonstrated that it&#8217;s paying more attention to what patients want. Earlier this year, after hearing impassioned pleas from parents and their scientific allies, the agency temporarily approved a drug for <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2016\/09\/24\/495174472\/controversy-continues-over-muscular-dystrophy-drug-despite-fda-approval\">Duchenne muscular dystrophy<\/a>, even though the science in hand didn&#8217;t provide proof positive that the drug was effective.<\/p>\n<p>Patients considered that a victory. And the company could start selling its drug for $300,000 per patient per year.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The bad news about what&#8217;s happening is so much of patient input is involving patients who are working with or who are recruited by drug companies,&#8221; cautions Diana Zuckerman, who runs a consumer group called the <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/center4research.org\/\">National Center for Health Research<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These companies pour millions of dollars into disease advocacy organizations and provide information to patients. So the patient voices are sometimes inadvertently channeling commercial interests, Zuckerman says.<\/p>\n<p>With that system, patients also hear more about potential benefits than risks, she says. Clearly patients should have a voice in how big a risk they are willing to take, she says, but within limits.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;I think it&#8217;s safe to say we need a sweet spot, and it hasn&#8217;t been found. And the FDA has not done a good job of finding that sweet spot,&#8221; Zuckerman says.<\/p>\n<p>This is by no means a new tension. AIDS activists waged a similar fight decades ago with the FDA.<\/p>\n<p>To get around this cozy relationship between drug companies and patient groups, Zuckerman runs training sessions to teach people to serve as the voice of the patient, independent of advocacy groups. <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.breastcancerdeadline2020.org\/get-involved\/training\/project-lead\/?referrer=https:\/\/www.google.com\/\">The National Breast Cancer Coalition<\/a> pioneered this approach years ago.<\/p>\n<p>Sharon Terry also frets about the role of advocates. After her own experience in finding a gene for the rare disease that affects her children, she decided to start a group called the <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/www.geneticalliance.org\/\">Genetic Alliance<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;I think advocacy still has a place, but I&#8217;m starting to be concerned myself \u2014 and again I run one of these groups \u2014 about how much that we&#8217;re becoming &#8216;the man,&#8217; and we really need to break down our silos,&#8221; she says. &#8220;We start to be insular; we start to be competitive. And that&#8217;s not going to serve the people who suffer.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Terry worries that advocates are losing their role as agents of change. The system has come a long way over the past 20 years, but still has plenty of room for improvement.<\/p>\n<div>\n<hr>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong><a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blockads.fivefilters.org\/\">Let&#8217;s block ads!<\/a><\/strong> <a class=\"colorbox\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/fivefilters\/block-ads\/wiki\/There-are-no-acceptable-ads\">(Why?)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9188"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9188\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associatednews.us\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}